Plant breeding Plant breeding has been used for thousands of years, and began with the domestication of wild plants into uniform and predictable agricultural cultigens. High-yielding varieties have been particularly important in agriculture. Selective plant breeding is also used in research to produce transgenic animals that breed "true" (i.e., are homozygous) for artificially inserted or deleted genes.[1 Read more

Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together. Domesticated animals are known as breeds, normally bred by a professional breeder, while domesticated plants are known as varieties, cultigens, cultivars, or breeds.[1] Two purebred animals of different breeds produce a crossbreed, and crossbred plants are called hybrids. Flowers, vegetables and fruit-trees may be bred by amateurs and commercial or non-commercial professionals: major crops are usually the provenance of the professionals. Read more

A new permanently positively charged stable isotope labeling (SIL) agent pair, 4-(((2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)oxy)carbonyl)-N,N,N-trimethylbenzenaminium iodide(DPTBA) and its deuterated counterpart d3-DPTBA,  Read more

A new permanently positively charged stable isotope labeling (SIL) agent pair, 4-(((2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)oxy)carbonyl)-N,N,N-trimethylbenzenaminium iodide(DPTBA) and its deuterated counterpart d3-DPTBA,  Read more

Politics is the set of activities that are associated with the governance of a country, state or an area. It involves making decisions that apply to groups of members. It refers to achieving and exercising positions of governance—organized control over a human community, particularly a state.The academic study focusing on just politics, which is therefore more targeted than general political science, is sometimes referred to as politology (not to be confused with politicology, a synonym for political science). In modern nation-states, people often form political parties to represent their ideas. Members of a party often agree to take the same position on many issues and agree to support the same changes to law and the same leaders. Read more

A new permanently positively charged stable isotope labeling (SIL) agent pair, 4-(((2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)oxy)carbonyl)-N,N,N-trimethylbenzenaminium iodide(DPTBA) and its deuterated counterpart d3-DPTBA,    Read more

The onion, known as the bulb onion or common onion, is not only a key ingredient in many tasty and healthy vegetarian meals but also many traditional medicines. Nine new flavonoids [cepaflavas A, B (5, 6), cepadials A–D (7–9 and 14), and cepabiflas A–C (10–12)] and six known compounds (1–4, 13, 15) were obtained from the outer skins of Allium cepa L. Among them, compounds 5, 6, and 9 might be artificial products formed during extraction and isolation. New compounds were structurally elucidated using various spectroscopy/spectrometry techniques, including NMR and HRMS, and computational methods. T Read more

Agriculture is the science and art of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key ... The major agricultural products can be broadly grouped into foods, fibers, fuels and raw materials (such as rubber). Food classes include cereals ... Read more

Most cities and towns everywhere have local business groups that meet on a regular basis. In North America the largest business group is the Chamber of Commerce. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce was formed in 1912 and the Canadian CoC soon afterwards, in 1925. According to the Canadian Chamber of Commerce website, the CoC's primary mandate is to "advocate for public policies that will foster a strong, competitive economic environment that benefits businesses, communities and families".  Read more

Wild harvesting mushrooms can also be a lot of fun, and fairly lucrative, if you know where to go and when, and can find a buyer. Many gourmet restaurants are thrilled to get wild-harvested mushrooms, so it’s worth trying to make these connections. I have done this with both morel’s and hen of the woods (see pictures below). But make sure you know what you’re doing if you’re going to hunt (for more information see below). Also anyone interested in this topic should check out Read more

Technologies. People often ask, what exactly do you mean by “breakthrough”? It’s a reasonable question—some of our picks haven’t yet reached widespread use, while others may be on the cusp of becoming commercially available. What we’re really looking for is a technology, or perhaps even a collection of technologies, that will have a profound effect on our lives. For this year, a new technique in artificial intelligence called GANs is giving machines imagination; artificial embryos, despite some thorny ethical constraints, are redefining how life can be created and are opening a research window into the early moments of a human life; and a pilot plant in the heart of Texas’s petrochemical industry is attempting to create completely clean power from natural gas—probably a major energy source for the foreseeable future. These and the rest of our list will be worth keeping an eye on. Read more

1. We Are All Born Free & Equal. We are all born free. We all have our own thoughts and ideas. We should all be treated in the same way. Don’t Discriminate. These rights belong to everybody, whatever our differences. The Right to Life. We all have the right to life, and to live in freedom and safety.  No Slavery. Nobody has any right to make us a slave. We cannot make anyone our slave.  No Torture. Nobody has any right to hurt us or to torture us.  Read more