Have tangible reminders:
- A big clock in the bedroom;
- Charts for chores;
- Assignment pad to record homework and a specific folder to put work in upon completion; and
- Gain the child's attention before speaking to him or her. Have the child repeat back directions for things that are really important.
Avoid the following:
- Repeating patterns of inappropriate behavior followed by ineffective punishment;
- Administering consequences without prior warning or without the child understanding why he or she is receiving them; and
- Responding inconsistently to inappropriate behaviors.

As a result of the behaviors listed above, students with ADHD are at greater risk of academic
difficulties, social/emotional issues, and limited educational outcomes.

ADHD and School interventions

Organizational Supports for ADHD Students

Primer text from the College of William & Mary.

Primer text from the College of William & Mary.
https://education.wm.edu/centers/ttac/documents/packets/adhd.pdf


Many students with ADHD have significant difficulties with organization.

They are more likely to respond positively when teachers establish class routines and set procedures and maintain a well-organized learning environment.

Clear rules and advanced planning are keys to success for teachers of students with ADHD.


The following organizational supports are particularly useful. Students should be taught to use these tools through teacher modeling and guided practice with feedback before being expected to use them more independently.

Training interventions have emerged as an alternative to behavior therapy for youth with ADHD. Training interventions begin with brief psychoeducation about a target skill (e.g., materials organization) and the majority of the time after that is spent with extensive practice and performance feedback. It has been recommended that for training to be effective, the skill must be directly applicable to an area of impairment, and practice with performance feedback must occur frequently and over an extended period of time (Evans et al., 2018). Studies with children (Abikoff et al., 2013) and young adolescents (Langberg et al., 2012) with ADHD indicate that training and behavioral interventions have similar short-term benefits, but there is evidence unique to training interventions that their long-term benefits may meaningfully exceed those of other treatments (Evans et al., 2016). It may be that once skills are established through a training intervention, they become routine and persist longer than behaviors shaped by rewards. Increasing our understanding of the mechanisms for training interventions can lead to development of optimally effective approaches. In addition, training interventions have been applied to relatively few areas of impairment (e.g., study and organization skills) and evaluating them across the diverse range of functioning may yield new tools for treatment.

Visual and Environmental Prompts: Use behavioral and environmental prompts to increase desired classroom behaviors. For example, pictorial prompts of students attending in class serve as a reminder of the teacher’s expectations for learning and behavior. Electronic visual aids such as interactive whiteboards and document cameras are helpful for capturing the attention of students with ADHD (Piffner, 2011).

What is Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder?
Classroom Interventions for Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder Considerations Packet

Primer text from The College of William & Mary

ADHD is one of the most commonly diagnosed conditions of children (Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention, 2015).

In a 2016 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study, scientists found that 6.1 million children aged 2-17 years living in the U.S. had been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which is similar to previous estimates.

Ages 2-5: Approximately 388,000 children
Ages 6-11: Approximately 2.4 million children
Ages 12-17: Approximately 3.3 million children

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a very common condition diagnosed mainly in children.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 6.4 million children between four and 17 years of age have been diagnosed with ADHD as of 2011.

This primer is designed to help you understand ADHD at a deeper level and combat misconceptions.

Fact: An ADHD diagnosis requires observations of numerous symptoms in multiple settings and evidence of significant impairment.

The goal of behavior management strategies is to help students learn to manage their own
behavior. The following strategies are most effective when used in conjunction with evidence based instructional strategies.


Prevention Strategies
Here are some preventive measures that support students in demonstrating positive
behavior.


Nonverbal Supports: Together with the student, develop inconspicuous,
nonverbal messages such as eye contact, hand gestures, or other signals that teach
students to recognize the conditions that trigger specific behaviors. Once the

Websites: A homework website that provides assignments for the week is very helpful to
parents and guardians of students with ADHD. Class news regarding projects and the
week’s instructional topics can also be posted.


Homework Hotline: A homework hotline that gives the assignments for the night and
also provides helpful suggestions for completing them can help families support their
children’s work completion.